{
  "skill_name": "tinyfish",
  "skill_path": "/workspace/skills/clawhub-tinyfish-web-agent",
  "skill_directory": "/workspace/skills/clawhub-tinyfish-web-agent",
  "is_safe": false,
  "max_severity": "CRITICAL",
  "findings_count": 4,
  "findings": [
    {
      "id": "llm_finding_tinyfish_0",
      "rule_id": "LLM_DATA_EXFILTRATION",
      "category": "data_exfiltration",
      "severity": "CRITICAL",
      "title": "Hardcoded API Key Exposure Risk",
      "description": "The skill requires MINO_API_KEY environment variable and transmits it to external service mino.ai. While the key itself isn't hardcoded, the skill creates a direct channel for credential transmission to a third-party service. If the environment variable is compromised or the external service is malicious, this enables credential theft and unauthorized API usage.",
      "file_path": "scripts/extract.py",
      "line_number": null,
      "snippet": "api_key = os.environ.get(\"MINO_API_KEY\")\nreq = urllib.request.Request(\n    \"https://mino.ai/v1/automation/run-sse\",\n    headers={\n        \"X-API-Key\": api_key,\n        \"Content-Type\": \"application/json\",\n    }\n)",
      "remediation": "1. Validate the mino.ai service is legitimate and trustworthy. 2. Implement API key validation before transmission. 3. Add user confirmation before sending credentials to external services. 4. Document the third-party dependency clearly in the manifest. 5. Consider implementing key rotation mechanisms.",
      "analyzer": "llm",
      "metadata": {
        "model": "claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929",
        "overall_assessment": "This skill presents CRITICAL and HIGH security risks primarily related to data exfiltration and credential exposure. The skill acts as a wrapper for an external third-party service (mino.ai) but fails to adequately disclose this dependency or the security implications. Key concerns: (1) Transmits user API credentials to external service, (2) Sends all scraped data to third-party without user confirmation or content filtering, (3) Misleading description that doesn't disclose third-party dependency, (4) Lacks timeout controls that could cause resource exhaustion. The skill requires immediate security improvements before production use, particularly around data transmission transparency, user consent, and credential handling.",
        "primary_threats": [
          "Data Exfiltration to External Service",
          "Credential Exposure via Environment Variables",
          "Misleading Third-Party Dependency Disclosure",
          "Unbounded Network Operations",
          "Missing Security Metadata"
        ],
        "aitech": "AITech-8.2",
        "aitech_name": "Data Exfiltration / Exposure",
        "aisubtech": "AISubtech-8.2.3",
        "aisubtech_name": "Data Exfiltration via Agent Tooling",
        "scanner_category": "SECURITY VIOLATION",
        "meta_validated": true,
        "meta_confidence": "HIGH",
        "meta_confidence_reason": "LLM analyzer correctly identified that this is a third-party API wrapper. The code clearly shows credentials being transmitted to mino.ai. This is legitimate functionality but requires transparency.",
        "meta_exploitability": "Low - This is intended functionality, not a vulnerability. Risk is primarily about informed consent.",
        "meta_impact": "Medium - Users should know their API keys and scraping targets are sent to third-party service"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "llm_finding_tinyfish_1",
      "rule_id": "LLM_DATA_EXFILTRATION",
      "category": "data_exfiltration",
      "severity": "HIGH",
      "title": "Unrestricted Data Exfiltration to External Service",
      "description": "The skill sends arbitrary user-specified URLs and extraction goals to external service mino.ai without validation or user confirmation. This creates a data exfiltration channel where sensitive information from scraped websites (potentially including credentials, PII, or proprietary data) is automatically transmitted to a third-party service. The skill provides no transparency about what data is collected or how it's used by mino.ai.",
      "file_path": "scripts/extract.py",
      "line_number": null,
      "snippet": "payload = {\n    \"url\": url,\n    \"goal\": goal,\n}\nreq = urllib.request.Request(\n    \"https://mino.ai/v1/automation/run-sse\",\n    data=json.dumps(payload).encode()\n)\nwith urllib.request.urlopen(req) as response:",
      "remediation": "1. Add explicit user confirmation before sending data to external services. 2. Implement content filtering to prevent transmission of sensitive data patterns (credentials, API keys, PII). 3. Provide clear documentation about data transmission to third parties. 4. Add option for local-only processing. 5. Implement audit logging of all external transmissions.",
      "analyzer": "llm",
      "metadata": {
        "model": "claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929",
        "overall_assessment": "This skill presents CRITICAL and HIGH security risks primarily related to data exfiltration and credential exposure. The skill acts as a wrapper for an external third-party service (mino.ai) but fails to adequately disclose this dependency or the security implications. Key concerns: (1) Transmits user API credentials to external service, (2) Sends all scraped data to third-party without user confirmation or content filtering, (3) Misleading description that doesn't disclose third-party dependency, (4) Lacks timeout controls that could cause resource exhaustion. The skill requires immediate security improvements before production use, particularly around data transmission transparency, user consent, and credential handling.",
        "primary_threats": [
          "Data Exfiltration to External Service",
          "Credential Exposure via Environment Variables",
          "Misleading Third-Party Dependency Disclosure",
          "Unbounded Network Operations",
          "Missing Security Metadata"
        ],
        "aitech": "AITech-8.2",
        "aitech_name": "Data Exfiltration / Exposure",
        "aisubtech": "AISubtech-8.2.3",
        "aisubtech_name": "Data Exfiltration via Agent Tooling",
        "scanner_category": "SECURITY VIOLATION",
        "meta_validated": true,
        "meta_confidence": "HIGH",
        "meta_confidence_reason": "Code clearly shows all scraping is done via external API. This is the core functionality of the skill.",
        "meta_exploitability": "Low - Intended functionality, but users should be informed",
        "meta_impact": "Medium - Transparency issue rather than security vulnerability"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "llm_finding_tinyfish_2",
      "rule_id": "LLM_SOCIAL_ENGINEERING",
      "category": "social_engineering",
      "severity": "HIGH",
      "title": "Misleading Skill Description - Undisclosed Third-Party Dependency",
      "description": "The skill description claims to 'extract/scrape websites' and 'automate browser actions' but fails to disclose that it's actually a wrapper around an external third-party service (mino.ai). Users may believe the skill performs local web scraping when it actually sends all requests and data to an external API. This is deceptive and prevents informed consent about data sharing with third parties.",
      "file_path": "SKILL.md",
      "line_number": null,
      "snippet": "Description: Use TinyFish/Mino web agent to extract/scrape websites, extract data, and automate browser actions using natural language.\n\nActual behavior: All requests proxied through https://mino.ai/v1/automation/run-sse",
      "remediation": "1. Update description to clearly state: 'Wrapper for mino.ai third-party web scraping service'. 2. Add explicit disclosure about data transmission to external services. 3. Document mino.ai's data handling policies. 4. Add privacy implications to the description. 5. Require explicit user consent before first use.",
      "analyzer": "llm",
      "metadata": {
        "model": "claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929",
        "overall_assessment": "This skill presents CRITICAL and HIGH security risks primarily related to data exfiltration and credential exposure. The skill acts as a wrapper for an external third-party service (mino.ai) but fails to adequately disclose this dependency or the security implications. Key concerns: (1) Transmits user API credentials to external service, (2) Sends all scraped data to third-party without user confirmation or content filtering, (3) Misleading description that doesn't disclose third-party dependency, (4) Lacks timeout controls that could cause resource exhaustion. The skill requires immediate security improvements before production use, particularly around data transmission transparency, user consent, and credential handling.",
        "primary_threats": [
          "Data Exfiltration to External Service",
          "Credential Exposure via Environment Variables",
          "Misleading Third-Party Dependency Disclosure",
          "Unbounded Network Operations",
          "Missing Security Metadata"
        ],
        "aitech": "AITech-2.1",
        "aitech_name": "Social Engineering",
        "aisubtech": null,
        "aisubtech_name": null,
        "scanner_category": "SOCIAL ENGINEERING",
        "meta_validated": true,
        "meta_confidence": "HIGH",
        "meta_confidence_reason": "The description mentions 'Mino' but doesn't clearly state this is an external API service. LLM correctly identified the transparency gap.",
        "meta_exploitability": "N/A - This is a transparency issue, not an exploitable vulnerability",
        "meta_impact": "Low - Users can still understand functionality from reading the code, but description should be clearer"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "llm_finding_tinyfish_4",
      "rule_id": "LLM_RESOURCE_ABUSE",
      "category": "resource_abuse",
      "severity": "MEDIUM",
      "title": "Unbounded Network Request Without Timeout",
      "description": "The script uses urllib.request.urlopen() without specifying a timeout parameter. This can cause the agent to hang indefinitely if the external service (mino.ai) becomes unresponsive, leading to resource exhaustion and denial of service for the agent. The streaming response handling also lacks timeout controls.",
      "file_path": "scripts/extract.py",
      "line_number": 54,
      "snippet": "with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as response:\n    for line in response:\n        # Streaming without timeout controls",
      "remediation": "1. Add timeout parameter to urlopen: urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=30). 2. Implement maximum response time limits for streaming. 3. Add retry limits with exponential backoff. 4. Implement circuit breaker pattern for repeated failures. 5. Add resource usage monitoring.",
      "analyzer": "llm",
      "metadata": {
        "model": "claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929",
        "overall_assessment": "This skill presents CRITICAL and HIGH security risks primarily related to data exfiltration and credential exposure. The skill acts as a wrapper for an external third-party service (mino.ai) but fails to adequately disclose this dependency or the security implications. Key concerns: (1) Transmits user API credentials to external service, (2) Sends all scraped data to third-party without user confirmation or content filtering, (3) Misleading description that doesn't disclose third-party dependency, (4) Lacks timeout controls that could cause resource exhaustion. The skill requires immediate security improvements before production use, particularly around data transmission transparency, user consent, and credential handling.",
        "primary_threats": [
          "Data Exfiltration to External Service",
          "Credential Exposure via Environment Variables",
          "Misleading Third-Party Dependency Disclosure",
          "Unbounded Network Operations",
          "Missing Security Metadata"
        ],
        "aitech": "AITech-13.3",
        "aitech_name": "Availability Disruption",
        "aisubtech": "AISubtech-13.3.2",
        "aisubtech_name": "Compute Exhaustion",
        "scanner_category": "RESOURCE ABUSE",
        "meta_validated": true,
        "meta_confidence": "HIGH",
        "meta_confidence_reason": "Code inspection confirms no timeout is set. This is a legitimate reliability issue.",
        "meta_exploitability": "Medium - Requires external service to be unresponsive, but could cause agent to hang",
        "meta_impact": "Medium - Could cause agent to become unresponsive, requiring manual intervention"
      }
    }
  ],
  "scan_duration_seconds": 38.58068037033081,
  "duration_ms": 38580,
  "analyzers_used": [
    "static_analyzer",
    "llm_analyzer",
    "meta_analyzer"
  ],
  "timestamp": "2026-02-07T21:10:53.047554"
}